1. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. (2000. 阅读. Text A)

　　【译文】二战结束后，美国恰好进入了这样一个繁荣时期，它当时的市场是任何竞争者的八倍大，这使得其工业具有前所未有的规模经济。

　　【析句】本句是复合句，主干是it had a market ....competitor when the United States entered...。主句里，it指代美国；此处有一个比较结构：倍数+形容词比较级+than+比较的对象；逗号后，动名词引导非限制性定语从句，相当于which gived its...。

　　2. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. (2000. 阅读. Text A)

　　【译文】人们曾一度以为，半导体制造业会是下一个在海外品牌面前全军覆没的产业，而在新计算机时代居于核心地位的半导体正是美国人发明的。

　　【析句】句子的主干是It looked as though..., look与sound、sense等感官动词一起作连系动词，因此，as though 引导表语从句the making of semiconductors was going to...casualty. 注意两个逗号之间是两个并列的which引导的定语从句修饰the making of semiconductors。