对策方法类作文结构

　　一、什么是对策方法类作文
　　对策方法类作文一般需要考生描述提纲所反应的问题，说明问题的危害和解决问题的必要性，然后针对该问题提出应对策略或解决方法。
　　例（2010年6月）
　　Directions:For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling . You shoule write at least 120 words following the outline given below .
　　1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写。
　　2.出现这种现象的原因是……
　　3.为改变这种状况，我认为……

　　二、常见结构公式陈列
　　第一段 提出问题
　　1.提出问题。
　　2.问题的重要性或危害。
　　3.Besides/Additionally，进一步阐述问题的重要性或危害。
　　4.Tthere fore / No doubt , it is very important / necessary /urgent for问题涉及的对象to learn how to 解决该问题。

　　第一段 提出问题
　　1.主题句：概括提出问题。
　　2.扩展句一：指出问题的重要性或危害。
　　3.扩展句二：进一步解决问题的必要性，引出解决方法。
　　4.结尾句：承上启下，表达解决问题的必要性，引出解决方法。

　　第二段 说明方法
　　5.The following says are effective in 解决问题。/There are many ways which can be adopted to 解决问题。/The following factors plays an important role in 解决问题。
　　6.Firstly ,第一点方法。
　　7.Secondly ,第二点方法。
　　8.Fin-ally ,第三点方法。

　　第二段 说明方法
　　5.主题句：引出问题的解决方法或定因素。
　　6.扩展句一：说明一点解决方法。
　　7.扩展句二：说明二点解决方法。
　　8.扩展句三：说明三点解决方法。

　　第三段 总结评述
　　9.As far as I am concerned /As for me ,本人的观点依据。
　　10.具体观点或选择依据。
　　11.To conclude / There-fore ,总结或建议。

　　第三段 总结评述
　　9.主题句：引出本人对该问题或解决方法的观点或选择。
　　10.扩展句：具体阐述观点或选择依据。
　　11.结尾句：做出总结或提出建议。
　　需要注意的是，有时提纲中会明确要求说明问题的危害，这时考生就应该先在第二段详细阐述问题的危害，之后再第三段说明解决问题的方法或对策。总之，考生要学会根据提纲灵活处理。

　　三、结构公式真题演示
　　例（2001年1月）
　　Directions:For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview . You should write at least 120 words , and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese :
　　1.面试在求职过程中的作用。
　　2.取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……

　　参考范文
　　How to Succeed in a Job Interview
　　It is generally accepted that interview is an important part in one's hunting for a job . (2)One's performance in an interview often can decide whether he will be employed .(3)Additionally , the interview provides a good chance for the interviewee to display his or her abitity . (4)Therefore , it is very necessary for a job hunter to learn how to succeed in a job interview .
　　(5)The following factors play an important role in a successful interview . (6)Firstly , before an interview , a job bunter should try to know more about the involved powition and company . (7)Secondly , an interviewee should dress neatly and properly , which can help leave the interviewer a good first impression . (8)Finally ,self-confidence is also very important . With self-confidence , one can show fully his ability .
　　(9)As far as I am concerned , the importance of successful interview can not overestimated . (10)However , an opportunity is for those who are well-prepared . (11)Therefore , every job hunter must take the interview seriously and try to make full preparation for it .