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英语基础语法17.2 名词性that-从句

考研英语  时间: 2019-04-08 14:04:10  作者: 匿名 

1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:
  主语:That he is still alive is sheer luck.  他还活着全靠运气。
  宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
  表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently.   事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
  同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
       近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
  形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
       你对工作满意我感到很高兴。

2)That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末,例如:
  It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。
  It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
  
  用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:
  a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
   It is necessary that…    有必要……
   It is important that…    重要的是……
   It is obvious that…     很明显……

  b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
   It is believed that…     人们相信……
   It is known to all that…   从所周知……
   It has been decided that…   已决定……

  c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
   It is common knowledge that…  ……是常识
   It is a surprise that…   令人惊奇的是……
   It is a fact that…     事实是……

  d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
   It appears that…      似乎……
   It happens that…      碰巧……
   It occurred to me that…   我突然想起……

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