2013年考研英语翻译中省略法详解
一、冠词的省略
Any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
参考译文:任何物质,无论它是固体、液体或气体,都是由原子构成的。
二、代词的省略
The desert animals can hide themselves from the heat during the daytime.
参考译文:沙漠中的兽类能躲避白天的炎热天气。
三、连词的省略
Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract.
参考译文:同性电荷相斥,异性电荷相吸。
四、介词的省略
The density of air varies directly as pressure, with temperature being constant.
参考译文:温度不变,空气的密度和压力成正比。
五、同位语前置名词的省略
Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
分析:在同位句中,the fact就是指that所引导的blacks are often deprived of…that whites enjoy.在翻译成汉语时,就可以省略the fact,以免显得累赘。
参考译文:相反,行为主义者认为,成绩的差异是由于黑人往往被剥夺了白人在教育及其他环境方面所享有的许多有利条件。
六、同义词或近义词的省略
Technology is the application of scientific method and knowledge to industry to satisfy our material needs and wants.
分析:例句原文中的needs and wants是近义词,在英语中常一起出现,但从中文的角度来看,表达的是同一个意思。所以译文可以简洁一些。
参考译文:技术就是在工业上应用科学方法和科学知识以满足我们物质上的需求。
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