81.Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project, wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery would almost certainly bring the single market to a shuddering halt.

【词汇突破】recriminations相互指责，吵架; 反诉; 揭丑;

例句：Their relationship deteriorates into an endless cycle of squabbling , jealousy and recriminations.

他们的关系陷入争吵、嫉妒、指责的恶性循环

Treaty 合约和条约;

Periphery边缘; 圆周; 外围; 边缘地带

Shuddering发抖的，震动的

Halt 停止

【主干识别】wild currency swings would bring the single market to a shuddering halt.

【其他成分】Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project, 状语

between those in the core and those in the periphery定语

【微观解析】介词短语：介词Amid +名词1the recriminations and名词2 broken treaties

介词短语中的定语 after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project,

【难点揭秘】长状语置于句首造成主干识别的困难，主语过长造成了翻译的难点。

【译文赏析】在欧盟最大的经济计划破产后的一片指责和违约之中，货币在欧盟核心国家和边缘国家中肆意动荡，这足以使欧元区的单一市场走向毁灭。

【翻译点拨】将主语wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery翻译为一个句子将名词swings 转译为动词

82.“Sofew authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end upin journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘aterm of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”

主干识别：Newman wrote+宾语从句

其他成分：So few authors have brainsenough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism that I amtempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers whoare not read to writers who are.

主干：

So few authors havebrains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism

结果状语从句：

I am tempted todefine ‘journalism’ as a term of contempt applied by writers who are not readto writers who are.

翻译点拨：词汇的处理：

brains 智慧

literary gift 文学天赋

keep one’s own endup in…在…中站住脚跟

Be tempted to 倾向于…

Journalism 新闻写作

a term of contempt轻蔑之词

主句的处理：

Newman wrote

Newman 曾写道

宾语从句的处理：

So few authors have brains enough orliterary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism

由于几乎没有作家能拥有足够的智慧或文学天赋以保证他们在新闻报纸写作中站稳脚跟”

I am tempted to define ‘journalism’as a term of contempt

我倾向于把‘新闻写作’定义为一个轻蔑之词

定语的处理：

a term of contempt applied by writerswho are not read to writers who are.

a term of contempt applied by A to B

被A 用到B身上的轻蔑之词

A= writers who are not read (不被人读的作家=不受欢迎的作家)

B= writers who are (read)(被人读的作家=受欢迎的作家)

参考译文：Newman 曾写道，“由于几乎没有作家能拥有足够的智慧或文学天赋以保证他们在新闻报纸写作中站稳脚跟”，我倾向于把‘新闻写作’定义为不受读者欢迎的作家用来嘲讽受读者欢迎的作家的一个 ‘轻蔑之词’ ”

83.A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a ‘leader’ in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform.

主干识别： Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life

其他成分： A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology,状语

for their willingness to obey instructions given by a ‘leader’ in a situation 状语

状语中的定语：in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions .

定语从句中的定语：(that)they were called upon to perform

翻译点拨： 词汇点拨：

all walks of life 各行各业

fascinating and disturbing 吸引人和让人不安

behavioural psychology 行为心理学

subjects 实验对象

distaste 反感

成分的处理：

先翻状语：

A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology

几年前，在一次行为心理学中最吸引人又最让人不安的实验中，

再翻主句：

Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life

来自耶鲁大学的Stanley Milgram测试了来自于各个行业的四十个实验对象，

接着翻状语：

for their willingness to obey instructions given by a ‘leader’( in a situation 可以翻译为状语，更通顺)

their willingness 可以将名词转换为动词翻译

以测试出在某一个情形中，他们愿意(在多大程度上)遵守由一个“领导者”给出的指令;

最后翻定语单独成句：

in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform.

这个句子中的最后一个定语从句可以前置;

在这一情形中，实验对象可能会对于被要求实施的行为有个人的厌恶感。

参考译文： 几年前，在一次行为心理学的最吸引人又最让人不安的实验中，来自耶鲁大学的Stanley Milgram测试了来自于各个行业的四十个实验对象，以测试 出在某一个情形中，他们愿意(在多大程度上)遵守由一个“领导者”给出的指令，而在这一情形中，实验对象可能会对于被要求实施的行为有个人 的厌恶感。

长句不可怕，只要敢拆分!

84.In Europe thisprocess took a little longer, mainly because there were more small producersfor whom the costs of sound were prohibitive, and in other parts of the worldproblems with rights or access to equipment delayed the shift to soundproduction for a few more years (though cinemas in major cities may have beenwired in order to play foreign sound films).

主干识别：两个并列句：

第一个主句：

this process took a little longer

In Europe 状语

mainly because there were more smallproducers 状语;

for whom the costs of sound wereprohibitive定语修饰producers;

第二个主句：

problems with rights or access to equipmentdelayed the shift to sound production

状语: for afew more years (though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order toplay foreign sound films).

翻译点拨：词汇的处理

small producers 小型电影公司

Right 版权

access to equipment 获取设备

prohibitive 和价格和成本连用表示：价格昂贵

shift to sound production 往有声电影的转变

wired 接上了音响(根据上下文而来)

成分点拨：

In Europethis process took a little longer,

在欧洲这一过程花的时间会长一些;

再翻原因状语：

mainly because there were more smallproducers

主要是因为欧洲有更多的小型的电影公司，

接着翻定语从句：

for whom the costs of sound wereprohibitive

对于他们来讲，音效的成本过于昂贵

接着翻下一个并列句：

in other parts of the world problemswith rights or access to equipment delayed the shift to sound production for afew more years

在世界的其他地区，版权和获取设备而造成的问题将有声电影的出品推后了好几年。

最后再翻括号：

(though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order toplay foreign sound films).

(虽然在一些主要的城市中的影院为了播放外国的有声电影已经接上了音响)

参考译文：在欧洲这一过程花的时间会长一些，主要是因为欧洲有更多的小型的电影公司，对于他们来讲，音效的成本过于昂贵;在世界的其他地区，版权和获取设备而造成的问题将有声电影的出品推后了好几年。(虽然在一些主要的城市中的影院为了播放外国的有声电影已经接上了音响)

85.A further inference was drawn by Pascal,who reasoned that if this “sea of air” existed, its pressure at the bottom(i.e. sea level) would be greater than its pressure further up, and thattherefore the height of mercury column would decrease in proportion to theheight above sea-level.

【译文】帕斯卡作了进一步推论，他说，如果这种“空气海洋”存在的话，其底部(即海平面)的压力就会比其高处的压力大。因此，水银柱的高度降低量与海拔高度成正比。

【解析】这是个由一个主句和一个定语从句、两个宾语从句、一个状语从句组成的长句，长句体现了科技英语句法的一大特点。像这种句子，首先必须弄清其结构，按照汉语习惯，分割成若干个子句，才能够清晰地表达原意。