The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.

If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.

(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.

重点词汇：

discipline:

[记]联想记忆：dis(不)+cip(拿)+line(线)——不拿老百姓一针一线——纪律

n.纪律，规定 [例]Without discipline, there is no method.没有规矩，不成方圆。

学科 [例]We will set up a new academic discipline in our school.我们将在学校设立一门新的理论学科。

训练 [例]The mountaineer has been under perfect discipline. 那登山队员受过良好的训练。

[派]disciplined a.受过训练的，遵守纪律的

preserve:

[记]词根记忆：pre(预先)+serve(保持)——便于长久保存而预先采取措施——保护，保藏

Vt.保护，维持 [例]preserve one’s eyesight 保护视力

保存，保藏 [例]Tom preserved the meat in the fridge.汤姆将肉保存在了冰箱里。

腌制 [例]The local people use smokehouses to preserve tons of fish and other seafood annually.每年，当地人利用熏制室来腌制成吨的鱼和其它海产品。

parallel:

[记]para(类似)+llel——类似的

a.平行的，并联的 [例]parallel lines 平行线

[考]run parallel to/ with 与…平行;parallel to/ with 平行的，并联的

competent:

[记]来自compete(vi.竞争)，com(加强)+pete(竞争)——竞争

a。有能力的，胜任的 [例]Young as he is ,this new manager is really competent.这位新来的经理尽管很年轻，但是非常有能力。

[派]incompetent a.不合格的，不胜任的;competently ad。胜任地，适合地

interpretations:

[记]来自interpret——inter(在…之间)+prêt——在两种语言之间——口译

Vt。解释，说明 [例]The professor asked me to interpret the long difficult sentence in front of the class.教授让我在全班同学面前解释那句又长又难得句子

了解，认为 [例]I interpreted her answer as a refusal.我把她的回答理解为是一种拒绝。

口译 [例]I interpreted the ambassador’s remarks for everybody.我为大家口译了大使的话。

[派]interpretation n.解释;口译;interpreter n.口译者，解释者

well-grounded: ad.基础牢固的, 有充分根据的

　　翻译题解：

46. Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

句子分段： Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions || as the special preserve of lawyers, || rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.

句子结构： 1) 主干结构：简单句legal learning has been viewed as...rather than...;2) view...as中间插入介词词组in such institutions作状语，该词组的含义要到前一句话中去找，指的是“Canadian universities”。

词的处理： institution机构;special preserve专门的工作;intellectual equipment知识素养;educated受过良好教育的

参考译文：

传统上，在加拿大的高等学府里，学习法律一直被看作是律师的专门工作，而不是一个受过良好教育的人所必须具备的知识素养。

47. On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

句子分段： On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner || which is parallel to the links || journalists forge on a daily basis || as they cover and comment on the news.

句子结构： 1) 主语+谓语+which引导的定语从句+省略引导词的定语从句+as引导的状语从句;2) these concepts的含义也要到前边的句子中去找，指的是前面提到的justice, democracy and freedom;3) which引导的定语从句which is...the news修饰manner，其中包含了定语从句journalists...daily basis，修饰links以及as引导的状语从句。

词的处理： concept观念;everyday reality日常生活中的实际情况;in a...manner以……方式;parallel类似的，相似的;forge使形成;on a basis以……为基础;cover报道

参考译文：

另一方面，法律又将正义、民主和自由这些观念与日常生活中的实际联系在一起，其方式就如同新闻工作者在报道和评论新闻事件时，以日常生活为基础，使这些观念与实际情况相结合一样。

48. But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

句子分段： But the idea || that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen || rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

句子结构： 1) 主语+that引导的同位语从句+谓语(rest on)+宾语(an understanding of...);2) the established conventions和special responsibilities均修饰news media。

词的处理： profoundly深刻地;rest on建立在……之上，以……为基础或根据;understanding理解，共识;established既定的，确认的;convention规范;news media新闻媒体

参考译文：

但是，新闻工作者对于法律的理解应该比普通公民更加深刻，这个观点是在对于新闻媒体的既定规范和特殊的社会责任有深刻认识的基础之上建立的。

49. In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

句子分段： In fact, it is difficult to see || how journalists || who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution || can do a competent job on political stories.

句子结构： 1) 形式主语it+表语+真实主语how...political stories;2) 真实主语是how引导的从句，该从句的主语是journalists，谓语部分是can do...;who引导的定语从句修饰journalists。

词的处理： see设想，想象;grasp领会，理解;basic feature基本特点;competent令人满意的;story新闻报道

参考译文：

实际上，很难想象那些对于加拿大宪法的基本特点缺乏清晰了解的新闻工作者能够胜任政治新闻报道的工作。

50. While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.

句子分段：While comment and reaction from lawyers || may enhance stories, || it is preferable for journalists || to rely on their own notions of significance and || make their own judgments.

句子结构：while引导的状语从句+形式主语it+真实主语to rely on...and make...。

词的处理： reaction反应;enhance提高，提升;preferable更可取的，更好的;rely on依靠，依赖;notion见解，看法;significance重要性，意义;make one’s own judgment作出自己的判断

参考译文：

律师的评论和反应当然能够提升新闻报道的价值，但是，记者们最好还是依靠自己对于事件重要性的认识来做出判断。

　　全文翻译：

几个世纪以来，有关法律的研究一直被看成是欧洲各国大学的一门基本的知识学科。不过，只是在最近几年有关法律的研究才成为加拿大大学教育的一门学科。传统上，在加拿大的高等学府里，学习法律一直被看作是律师的专门工作，而不是一个受过良好教育的人所必须具备的知识素养。幸运的是，加拿大的许多大学正在树立法律教育更传统、更具有大陆特性的观念，有些甚至已经开始授予法律学士学位。

如果有关法律的研究正在开始成为普通教育一个不可缺少的学科的话，那么它的目的和方法应该会即刻吸引新闻学教育家。法律是一门学科，这门学科鼓励进行有责任的判断。一方面，它为分析像公正、民主以及自由这样的概念提供机会。另一方面，法律又将正义、民主和自由这些观念与日常生活中的实际联系在一起，其方式就如同新闻工作者在报道和评论新闻事件时，以日常生活为基础，使这些观念与实际情况相结合一样。比如，有关证据和事实、基本权利和公众利益这样的概念在新闻判断和新闻制作过程中起作用，就像在法庭上一样。通过学习并且反省法律来强化判断是一名新闻记者为其事业进行知识准备时渴望实现的。

但是，新闻工作者对于法律的理解应该比普通公民更加深刻，这个观点是在对于新闻媒体的既定规范和特殊的社会责任有深刻认识的基础之上建立的。政治，或者更广泛一点，国家的职能，是新闻记者报道的一个主要方面。他们对国家运作的方式了解越多，他们的报道就越优秀。实际上，很难想象那些对于加拿大宪法的基本特点缺乏清晰了解的新闻工作者能够胜任政治新闻报道的工作。

此外，法律体系以及其中发生的事件是新闻记者报道的主题。虽然与法律有关的新闻报道的性质差别很大，但是，许多新闻记者过分依赖律师提供给他们的诠释。律师的评论和反应当然能够提升新闻报道的价值，但是，记者们最好还是依靠自己对于事件重要性的认识来做出判断。