2017考研英语拓展阅读：中国农村青少年肥胖人数激增

Obesity has rapidly increased in young rural Chinese, a study has warned, because of socioeconomic changes.

一项研究警告，由于中国社会经济的转变，农村的肥胖儿童数量呈激增趋势。

Researchers found 17% of boys and 9% of girls under the age of 19 were obese in 2014, up from 1% for each in 1985.

这项研究发现，2014年低于19岁的人口中，男孩肥胖比例为17%，女孩的比例为9%，而1985年两种性别的肥胖人口比例仅为1%。

The 29-year study, published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, involved nearly 28,000 students in Shandong province.

这项发表在欧洲预防心脏病学杂志上的、为期29年的研究，对山东省的2.8万名学生进行了调查。

The study used a stricter cut-off of the Body Mass Index (BMI) than the World Health Organization standard.

这项研究利用身体质量指数(BMI)来评定肥胖，但其使用的界限比世界卫生组织所规定的标准更为苛刻。

"It is the worst explosion of childhood and adolescent obesity that I have ever seen," Joep Perk from the European Society of Cardiology told AFP news agency.

欧洲心脏病学会的Joep Perk在接受法新社采访时说，“这是我所见过的儿童和青少年时期肥胖人口最为急剧的增长。”

The study said China’s rapid socioeconomic and nutritional transition had led to an increase in energy intake and a decrease in physical activity.

这项研究称，中国飞速的社会经济发展和营养结构变革，导致人们能量摄入更多，运动量却有所减少。

The traditional Chinese diet had shifted towards a diet "with high fat, high energy density and low dietary fibre".

传统的中国饮食已经向着“高脂肪、高热量、低纤维”的结构转变。

Preference for sons’

重男轻女

The data was taken from six government surveys of rural school children in Shandong aged between seven and 18.

这些数据来自山东省六个地市政府对农村学校7-18岁儿童的调查。

The percentage of overweight children has also grown from 0.7% to 16.4% for boys and from 1.5% to nearly 14% for girls, the study said.

研究发现，超重男孩的百分比也从0.7%增长到了16.4%，女孩则从1.5%增长到近14%。

On the reason for the higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys, the study says: "The traditional, societal preference for sons, particularly in rural areas, may mean that boys are likely to enjoy more of the family’s resources."

超重和肥胖的男孩比率更高，究其原因，研究称，“中国传统观念重男轻女，特别是农村地区，这意味着男孩能更多的享用家里的资源。”

The WHO classifies a BMI - the ratio of weight-to-height squared - of 25-29.9 as overweight and from 30 upwards obese.

世卫组织界定BMI(体重与身高的平方的比值))处于25-29.9之间为超重，超过30为肥胖。

This study used a lower cut-off of 24-27.9 for overweight and 28 and above for obese.

而这项研究的作者使用了更加严格的限定，24-27.9为超重，高于28为肥胖。

The researchers recommend that "comprehensive strategies of intervention should include periodic monitoring, education on the pattern of nutrition, physical exercises and healthy dietary behaviour".

研究人员推荐了干预农村地区儿童肥胖问题的全面对策，包括定期监测体重、普及营养摄入方式、加强体育锻炼和培养健康饮食的观念。