【翻译题目】

46) This movement，driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

47)The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European people with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.

48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.

49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and -16th-century explorations of North American.

50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.

【题目解析】

46)本句重点词语：driven by 在…的驱动下，by its nature 从本质上，它的性质，

shape做动词当“塑造”讲。本句是一个由and连接的并列句，其中driven by powerful and diverse motivations,和by its nature为插入语结构。

47)本句重点词语：principle做形容词，意为“主要的”， national characteristics 意为“民族特色，特点”，modify意为“修改，改变”。多次考察了of和with引导的后置定语的翻译，前三小句为并列结构表原因，第四小句为句子主干。

48)本句重点词语：peculiar to，意为“特殊的，特有的”， national groups意为“民族”，固定搭配in a raw 意为“原始的”，sheer意为“完全的，纯粹的”。

49)本句重点词语：immigrant“移民”， explorations“探索”，bound for “驶往，开往”。其中，which is now the United States为定语从句修饰限定前文的the territory。

50)本句重点词语：treasure-house“宝库“，all the way down to “一直“，extend from…to…”从…延伸到…。其中with引导的介词短语做后置定语，which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia为定语从句修饰前面的treasure-house。

【参考译文】

46)在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

47)美国是两种主要力量的产物——即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。

48)但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。

49)在15—16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土—即当今的美国—的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。

50)拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。