定语从句(Attributive Clause)
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，被定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词，定语从句必须置于先行词之后，定语从句是研究生及四、六级等各类考试的常考点，也是语法重点，本节将着重讲解：
1. 引导词关系代词：which， that， who(m)， whose， as
关系副词：when， where， why
例句： Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a standalone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. （选自2011年Text 3）
分析： 该句是复合句。其中，for example作插入语，a standalone media property与BabyCenter为同位语关系；that promotes complementary and even competitive products是一个定语从句，修饰BabyCenter。
译文： 例如，强生公司创建了宝宝中心网站，它是一家独立的媒体资产，用于推广互补的甚至是竞争性的产品。
例句： This trend began during the Second World War，when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. （1996年第72题）
分析： 该句是复合句，主干部分为This trend began during the Second World War，when引导一非限制性定语从句修饰the Second World War；that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment是修饰the conclusion that...这一同位语从句中demands的定语从句， 而同位语从句的主干为the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail， 其中make demand of sb. /sth.意为“向某人或某事提出要求”。
译文： 这种趋势始于第二次世界大战，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
例句： One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberalarts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. （选自2011年Part B）
分析： 该句是复合句。其中，主句的主干部分是One reason is that they can cut across the insistence；why it is hard to design and teach such courses是一个定语从句，修饰reason；that liberalarts educations and professional education should...in different schools是insistence后的同位语从句。
译文： 这种课程很难设计和讲授的原因之一就是它们打破了美国顶尖大学一贯坚持的原则：人文教育与专业教育应该独立，并在不同的学院讲授。