2013考研英语辅导阅读分析之小心题设陷阱
考研考试中文章之外干扰考生选择正确选项的方式很多,笔者将题干中的干扰设置方式进行详尽的分析,并且总结出一些规律。希望能在最后冲刺阶段帮助广大考生再度提高分数。
随着广大学子对于考研重要性的认识越来越深刻,准备考研的时间越来越长,考研中已经很少出现那些“裸考”的考生。大部分考生在准备考研的过程中,都能够做到扫清词汇和语法障碍。但是在扫清了词汇和语法障碍之后,广大考生很快就会发现在阅读部分出现一个瓶颈,基本上都是5对2,或者5对3,很难继续进步。而且很多文章都是读懂了,但是题目还是做错了,看了答案也还不知道为什么做错的。这就是我们常说的,“死不瞑目”。
就如上文所分析的,参加过四、六级考试的考生过来准备考研需要有一个转变。那就是从快速答题,到低速谨慎答题的一个转变。参加过四、六级考试的考生在参加考研的时候普遍有一个习惯就是快速读过考题的题干,甚至是不读题干。或者按照自己头脑中对于题目的印象来答题或者根据对于文章的判断来答题。这在考研中是致命的,这样说基于两个原因。
1、考研考试中干扰设置不是凭空出现,或多或少在文章中都会提到,如果仅以在文章是否提到来判断的话,一定会出现错。
2、考研考试一种命题模式是题干中限定答案的范围。如果忽略这种范围,解题必错。
下面就几道考研真题来具体说明题干中需要注意的信息
What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America -- breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?
Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological. (1996)
1.According to the author, the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in a large part due to ________. [A] elementary schools [B] enthusiastic workers
[C] the attractive premium system [D] a special way of thinking
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. (2005)
2.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________.
[A] more inclined to weigh what they get
[B] attentive to researchers’ instructions
[C] nice in both appearance and temperament
[D] more generous than their male companions
这两道题共同的特点就是题干中都有一个表示程度的限定词,第一道题中的限定词是in large part,第二道题中的限定词是most。这两个词语的出现本身就有一重暗示,选项中应该有不止一个原因,但是这道题目要求回答出其中最重要的。第一道题会原文定位可以发现定位句“I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.”中含有四个并列成分1 excellent elementary schools;2a labor force;3the practice of giving premiums to inventors;4 the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.
这四个内容在选项中都有出现。很多同学会因为先入为主的思维习惯选择A。但是注意到了题干中的限定信息,要求找其中影响最大的。我们就要比照四个因素哪个影响最大。原文中的第四点前出现了above all,这个短语表示最重要的是。所以此题应该选择D.
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